Time Google needs to index a page:
4 days.
Okay, that was the fast version. The details: A set a link to a fresh new blog four days ago (it was the first incoming link for the other blog). Today this blog fully indexed by Google. Maybe it already was yesterday, but I didn't look for it.
The linking page had a pagerank of 4, while it set the link.
Trackback(s)
A trackback is a kind of a source link. If i was finding an interesting entry in another blog, that i am commenting in my own blog, i am linking to the original message via the trackback. Has someone commented one of my entries in his/her weblog, you can find this link here under trackbacks, too. More informations about trackback are in the Wikipedia for example.
Trackback URL: /trackback/time-google-needs-to-index-a-page/